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"Frontier Homes" covers four types of homes that sprang up in the new America. The first was the post and beam type homes built beginning in Plymouth, MA. in 1621. Large squared-off green-wood beams were placed at the corners, and then the frame was closed in with clapboards made by riving that split boards. Nails were brought over from England. Most of these homes had no foundation. Thatched roofs were the rule - the long grasses were tied together, and had demonstrated in Europe the ability to last for centuries. Walls were then sealed with wattle and daub. The homes were the size of today's modern bedroom, with no interior rooms; smoke rose from the fireplace and went out a hole left at the roof peak. Large 2-man saws were used to make planks.
The 1700s saw log cabins become the standard home in the Appalachian area; standard size was 18'X24'. The logs were not treated, but sat on a foundation of stones. Two days work, with help from neighbors, was required to build one of these. Chinking filled up the holes between logs, and this was augmented with daubing. The chimney was stone at the lower level, and wood covered with mud made up the rest of the chimney.
Great Plains residents built sod homes in the 1860s+ because there was little wood. Blocks of sod were cut from the earth and piled up for walls after being cut into two-foot lengths. Wooden frames were placed into the walls for windows and doors.
Adobe (sun-dried mud brick) made many homes in the South West U.S. The technique came from North Africa. A mixture of 70% sand, and the rest clay and some straw was used. The mixture dried for about two weeks, and the resulting bricks weighed 20-30 lbs. Mud plaster about 1/2 inch covered the bricks and roof. Floors were made of 6" adobe. Building one of these homes would take about one week, with help from neighbors. If maintained, the home would last centuries.